Means for the atomization of liquids



m/7mm Wm?" M 1956 H. @QANM MEANS FOR THE ATOMIZATION OF LIQUIDS Filed Sept. 1, 1953 3 Sheets-Sheet l MEANS FOR THE ATOMIZATION OF LIQUIDS Filed Sept. 1, 1953 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 1956 H. COANDA 1111 Wmm M 19% H. COANDA MEANS FOR THE ATOMIZATION OF LIQUIDS Filed Sept. 1. 19 53 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 United States Patent MEANS FOR THE ATOIVHZATION OF LIQUIDS Henri Coanda, Paris, France, assignor to Sebac Nouvel le S. A., Lausanne, Switzerland, a corporation of Switzerland The phenomenon which maintains the particles of a liquid in contact with each other is known as its surface tension. In order to separate two adjacent particles of a liquid this tension must be overcome.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide the separation of the constitutive particles of a liquid in a turbulent zone which partially surrounds a zone of depression created by the flowing of a fluid along a wing or vane having preferably a symmetrical profile and disposed between marginal shields at the level of said zone of depression.

The means according to the invention is characterized by the fact that a sensibly triangular opening is provided in a wing or vane having preferably a symmetrical profile and disposed between marginal shields only along the portion thereof corresponding sensiblyto the laminar flowing of a fluid along the extrados and intrados of said wing, the apex of said triangular opening being disposed towards the front of said wing (considered in the direction of flowing of said fluid), that at least two ducts are provided in said wing and that said ducts are supplied with the liquid to be pulverized and discharge opposite each other.

By reducing as much as possible the thickness of the disc, created by the meeting of the two jets of liquid, under that of the internal eddies already existing and by increasing the wind velocity, it is possible to obtain a very minute pulverization.

Thus are obtained all the best conditions: a thin layer of liquid with a velocity well above the critical speed,

a breaking of the surface tension and a violent turbulent action.

The aforesaid and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be more easily and fully under stood from the illustration of some embodiments of a pulverizing device according to the invention, being understood that the invention is not restricted to the details of the illustrated and described embodiments but that is susceptible to modifications and adaptations.

In the attached drawings:

Fig. 1 is an exterior plane view ofa first embodiment of a device according to the invention, a portion of said device being broken in order to show the arrangement of the wing inside the device.

Fig. 2 is an axial section taken along line 11-11 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a cross-section taken along line III-III of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of a wing used for performing the invention according to the first embodiment thereof.

Fig. 5 shows in section a modification of the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 through 4.

Fig. 6 shows partly in section a device according to the invention comprising several wings as shown in Fig. 4.

Reference being first made to Figs. 1 through 4, a device according to the invention comprises a symmetrical Z ,7 70,501 Patented Nov. 1 3, 1 956 wing 1 whose front portion is disposed between marginal shields or walls 2, maintained by a conduit 10, and whose slendering rear portion or trailing edge 3 is not delimited by any shields. A fluid (e. g. air) arrives as shown by arrows F, works round the leading edge 4 and forms, according to well known experiments, a laminar flowing and then a turbulent flowing along the extrados and intrados of wing 1. It was mentioned thereinbefore that a zone of depression is created near the leading edge 4, said zone of depression decreasing up to the trailing edge 3. u

An opening 5 is performed in wing 1, said opening being laterally limited by two straight or curved diverging lines having sensibly the shape of the curves representing the tendency of the fluid (arriving as shown by arrows F) to flow towards the lateral borders of wing 1.

In said opening 5 discharge opposite each other two ducts 7 provided inside wing 1. A liquid under a pressure equal or slightly superior to the atmospheric pressure reaches, as shown by arrows F, the ducts 7 through flexible hoses 8, said hoses 8 being e. g. fed by a single duct 9.

On Fig. 3 it is shown how the pair of liquid jets 18 leaving ducts 7 collide and constitute a liquid disc 19 which will be disintegrated as its formation takes place in a zone of depression and as it is hiton both its sides by air circulating at a tremendous speed. Very minutely atomized particles are so produced, said atomized particles being driven off by the air accordingto arrows F.

In order to increase the depression in the zone of the opening 5, said opening may bedisposed in the vicinity of the throat of a nozzle; The walls 2 may, e. g. as shown on Fig. 5, constitute the throat or constricted portion of a nozzle or conduit I10. In the modification shown on Fig. 5 same numerals as those used on Figs. 1 to 4 designate similar elements having the same functions respectively. The wing 1 is e. g. the same as the wing shown at a'larger scale on Fig. 4.

On Fig. 6 is shown a device comprising a series of wings 1 similar to those shown on Fig. 4, the marginal shields or walls of the forward portion of each wing 1, except the two extreme wings, being constituted by the two neighbour wings; the walls of both extreme wings comprise the neighbour wing 1 and a lateral shield of the type shown on Figs. 1 and 2. The supply of air arrives according to arrows F by a common conduit 10 (said conduit ending in a divergent portion for compensating the thickness of the wings 1 disposed therein) and the pulverized liquid arrives from a main supply duct (not shown) in the ducts 7 provided in the wings 1.

In a modification of the invention the two (or several) ducts 7 may be supplied by two (or several) different liquids or mixtures of liquids.

Although the invention has been described with refer ence to certain specific embodiments thereof, it is to be distinctly understood that various modifications and adaptations of the arrangements herein disclosed may be made as may readily occur to persons skilled in the art without constituting a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the objects and in the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. Device for atomizing at least one liquid comprising, in combination, a conduit adapted to have a fluid circulated therethrough, at least one airfoil wing having a substantially symmetrical profile and including an extrados, an intrados, a leading edge disposed inside said conduit, a trailing edge disposed outside said conduit and a pair of lateral sides disposed between marginal shields in the portion of said wing corresponding substantially to laminar flow of said fluid along said extrados and said intrados of said wing, a substantially triangular opening in said wing disposed in the Zone of depression created by the flowing of said fluid along said Wing and having the apex thereof directed towards the leading edge of said wing and the base thereof disposed inside said conduit at a substantial distance from and in a substantially parallel relationship to'said trailing edge of said wing, and means for projecting at least two jets of said at least one liquid into colliding relationship in said opening.

2. Device for atomizing at least one liquid as defined in claim 1, wherein said last-named means includes at least two ducts provided inside said wing for delivering into said opening opposite each other the jets of said at least one liquid. I

3. Device for atomizing at least one liquid comprising, in combination, a conduit adapted to have a fluid circulated therethrough, at least one airfoil wing having a substantially symmetrical profile and including an extradcs, an intrados, a leading edge disposed inside said conduit, a trailing edge disposed outside said conduit and a pair of lateral sides disposed against the inner wall of said conduit in the portion of said wing corresponding substantially to laminar flow of said fluid along said extrados and said intrados of said wing, a substantially triangular opening in said wing disposed in the Zone of depression created by the flowing of said fluid along said wing and having the apex thereof directed towards the leading edge of said wing and the base thereof disposed inside said conduit at a substantial distance from, and in a substantially parallel relationship to said trailing edge of said wing, two channels disposed inside said wing perpendicularly to the axis of said conduit and emerging in said opening opposite each other and spaced from one another, and means for delivering into said channels two jets of said at least one liquid. a

4. Device for atomizing at least one liquid comprising, in combination, a conduit adapted to have a'gas circulated therein, said conduit including a constricted portion, one substantially symmetrical airfoil wing disposed with the thick portion thereof in said constricted portion and ineluding an extrados, an intrados, a leading edge disposed Substantially at one end of said constricted portion, a

trailing edge disposed outside said conduit and a pair of lateral sides disposed against the inner wall of said constricted portion from substantially said leading edge and substantially as far as the middle of said lateral sides, a substantially triangular opening provided in said wing in the Zone of said wing comprised in said constricted portion of said conduit and having the apex thereof disposed near said leading edge and the base thereof disposed in a substantially parallel relationship to said trailing edge of said wing and at a predetermined distance from said trailing edge and means for effecting the collision of at least two jets of said at least one liquid in said opening.

5. Device for atomizing at least one liquid comprising, in combination, a conduit adapted to have a gas circulated therein, a series of substantially symmetrical airfoil wings disposed in substantially parallel relationship with the front portion thereof inside said conduit, each one of said wings including an extrados, an intrados, a leading edge disposed inside said conduit, a trailing edge disposed outside said conduit and a pair of lateral sides disposed between marginal shields in the portion of said wing corresponding substantially to laminar flow ofsaid fluid along said extrados and said intrados of said wing, a substantially triangular opening provided in each one of said wings in the zone of depression created by the flowing of said gas along the corresponding wing and having the apex thereof directed towards the leading edge of said wing and the base thereof disposed inside said conduit at a substantial distance from and in a substantially parallel relationship to said trailing edge of said wing, and means for effecting the collision of at least two jets of said at least one liquid in each one of'said openings. 7

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,613,999 Sher an 0a. 14, 1952 V FOREIGN PATENTS 980,670 France' "Dec. 27, 1950 

